Editing & Post-Production
ProRes
Also called: Apple ProRes, ProRes 422, mezzanine codec
ProRes stores every frame in full instead of describing most frames as changes from their neighbours, which is why it scrubs instantly on a timeline and why ten minutes of footage can run to tens of gigabytes. The family climbs from ProRes Proxy through 422, 422 HQ and 4444, with the upper tiers holding more colour information for grading.
Use it as the working format between camera, editor and client. YouTube re-encodes whatever you send it, so for the upload itself an H.264 or H.265 MP4 at a sensible bitrate reaches the viewer looking the same and finishes transferring the same day.