Editing & Post-Production
Captions
Also called: CC, closed captions, caption track
On YouTube the caption track is a separate file from the video, which is what lets viewers toggle it and lets YouTube translate it. Automatic captions cover most uploads. They get names, jargon and accents wrong often enough that reading the track through is worth the ten minutes.
Captions and subtitles are used interchangeably in conversation, though strictly captions include non-speech information such as a door slamming, for deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers, while subtitles assume you can hear. Burned-in text baked into the picture is a different thing again, common on Shorts, and it cannot be toggled or translated.